{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "id": "photography-business-statistics",
  "name": "Photographic services",
  "naics": "54192",
  "description": "Photographic services includes portrait photography studios and commercial photography. Not a count of individual photographers or rentable studio spaces.",
  "creator": {
    "name": "Circular Studios",
    "url": "https://circularstudios.com"
  },
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "licenseNote": "License covers original analysis and compilation; underlying federal source data remain public domain.",
  "dataDictionaryUrl": "https://circularstudios.com/research/data/README.md",
  "referenceYear": 2023,
  "reviewedAt": "2026-09-05",
  "populationVintage": 2025,
  "coverage": "United States: 50 states and District of Columbia; excludes Puerto Rico and Island Areas",
  "methodologyUrl": "https://circularstudios.com/research/photography-business-statistics#methodology",
  "sourceRecordsUrl": "https://circularstudios.com/research/data/source-records.json",
  "sourceManifestUrl": "https://circularstudios.com/research/data/source-manifest.json",
  "notes": [
    "Employer establishments are locations, not unique firms or people. Employment is the mid-March count, not annual full-time equivalents.",
    "Annual payroll and receipts were converted from source USD thousands to nominal USD; neither is profit or take-home pay.",
    "Employment and payroll flags G/H/J retain the published noise-adjusted figures; N/S and non-numeric values become null, not zero.",
    "Population denominator is July 1, 2023, from Vintage 2025. Density is not an opportunity, quality, or profitability score.",
    "2019-2023 changes are net changes in published employer establishments, not startup births, closures, or survival rates.",
    "CBP uses 2017 NAICS; NES uses 2022 NAICS. Nonemployer and employer counts are separate universes and are not added into a total number of companies.",
    "Fine arts school nonemployer values are null because the detailed industry is not separately published in this NES extract; broad education totals are not substituted.",
    "At review, the CBP methodology page carried an under-review notice. Historical 2018-2023 record layouts are used to interpret flags; see the report methodology."
  ],
  "national": {
    "year": 2023,
    "employerEstablishments": 16504,
    "employees": 50967,
    "annualPayrollUsd": 1984665000,
    "establishmentsUnder5Employees": 14629,
    "employmentNoiseFlag": "H",
    "payrollNoiseFlag": "G",
    "nonemployerBusinesses": 236666,
    "nonemployerReceiptsUsd": 6823388000,
    "nonemployerReceiptsNoiseFlag": "G",
    "population2023": 336755052,
    "employerEstablishmentsPer100kResidents": 4.900892
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "employerEstablishments": 14823,
      "employees": 60193,
      "annualPayrollUsd": 1748258000,
      "establishmentsUnder5Employees": 12341,
      "employmentNoiseFlag": "H",
      "payrollNoiseFlag": "G"
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "employerEstablishments": 15032,
      "employees": 56042,
      "annualPayrollUsd": 1501019000,
      "establishmentsUnder5Employees": 12592,
      "employmentNoiseFlag": "H",
      "payrollNoiseFlag": "G"
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
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      "employees": 43465,
      "annualPayrollUsd": 1671803000,
      "establishmentsUnder5Employees": 13676,
      "employmentNoiseFlag": "H",
      "payrollNoiseFlag": "G"
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "employerEstablishments": 16049,
      "employees": 49077,
      "annualPayrollUsd": 1904138000,
      "establishmentsUnder5Employees": 14158,
      "employmentNoiseFlag": "H",
      "payrollNoiseFlag": "G"
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
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      "employees": 50967,
      "annualPayrollUsd": 1984665000,
      "establishmentsUnder5Employees": 14629,
      "employmentNoiseFlag": "H",
      "payrollNoiseFlag": "G"
    }
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      "establishmentChange2019To2023Pct": 15.671642,
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      "employerEstablishmentsPer100kResidents": 3.028616,
      "nonemployerBusinesses": 2974,
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